Assessment Demonstrates How Climate Change is Increasing Frequency and Amount of Precipitation and Number of Hot Days

Uses the Best Available, Up-to-Date Models to Produce Climate Projections for the City 

April 29, 2024

New York, NY – The Mayor’s Office of Climate & Environmental Justice (MOCEJ) today announced the release of NPCC4, the New York City Panel on Climate Change’s (NPCC) fourth full climate assessment report for New York City. NPCC4 confirms New York City will be warmer, with more extreme heat events, and wetter, with growing risks from intense rainfall and inland flooding. For the first time, the report also has a cross-cutting focus on the equity implications of climate change. As the recently released Environmental Justice NYC Report shows, low-income communities and communities of color are disproportionately impacted by environmental inequities, due to legacies of discriminatory actions. NPCC4 provides insight on climate displacement risks as well as the negative effects that could come with adapting to climate change. These projections inform the city’s ongoing efforts to ensure that New York City is prepared to withstand and emerge stronger from the threat of climate change.

“Excessive heat, rain, tides, and pollution threaten the foundational strength of New York City, a foundation critically necessary for strong housing, strong schools and a strong economy,” said Deputy Mayor for Operations Meera Joshi. “We must rise to the occasion as a city – making sure every dollar spent towards infrastructure goes further, and every foot of grass, every tree, every brick, does double duty to account for rain and heat. Through daily discipline we will meet our climate goals and ensure the bright NYC future that our children and grandchildren deserve.”

“As New York City responds to the impacts of climate change, we must be guided by the latest data, and the NPCC findings will be used by city agencies to inform our policy and programs,” said New York City Chief Climate Officer and New York City Department of Environmental Protection Commissioner Rohit T. Aggarwala. “The panel’s variety of expertise, including in architecture, design, and demography, has been essential to creating this important work, and we look forward to many more years of collaboration.”

“We are grateful to the New York City Panel on Climate Change for more than 15 years of rigorous research that helps ground city climate policy in data,” said Mayor’s Office of Climate & Environmental Justice Executive Director Elijah Hutchinson. “The best available science on climate helps advance our goals to further environmental justice and improve health for all New Yorkers. This data will also serve as a foundation for city construction projects as we work to make our infrastructure more resilient.”

그만큼 NPCC is an independent advisory body appointed by the mayor to assess the current and future impacts of climate change on New York City. They also make recommendations on climate projections for the region, informed by the best available science. 

Key findings from NPCC4 include:

Climate Science:

• The number of hot days and the frequency and duration of heat waves are expected to increase.
• Sea level is projected to rise.

Flooding: 

• Risks from rainfall, river-based, coastal, and groundwater flooding will increase because of sea level rise and intensified rainfall.
• To handle increased amounts of water, more grey and green infrastructure and natural and nature-based solutions are needed.

Equity: 

• Climate displacement is an important dimension of social vulnerability to climate change; the NPCC proposes a climate displacement and social vulnerability score to better measure the risks of climate displacement. 
• The cost burdens of climate adaptation (such as higher energy costs, insurance premiums, and relocation) affect people differently – and can result in increased displacement risks.

Health:

• Climate change-related health risks are a threat to all New Yorkers, but especially those most vulnerable because of age, poor health, racial and social inequities, and social isolation.
• Heat waves are, on average, the deadliest type of extreme weather in New York City.

Energy & Energy Insecurity: 

• Progress reducing energy use and greenhouse gas emissions to meet the city and state’s ambitious goals must be approached deliberately, considering energy insecurity and health. 
• Energy insecurity can harm public health directly – via inadequate heating or cooling, indoor air pollution, and reduced reliability for medical devices and refrigeration – and indirectly when high energy costs reduce spending on other essential items like healthcare and food.

The NPCC was codified in Local Law 42 of 2012 with a mandate to provide an authoritative and actionable source of scientific information on future climate change and its potential impacts. The full panel and its leadership team were selected to ensure a diversity of backgrounds, research disciplines, and fields of technical practice. The NPCC is reviewed by an advisory board of city agencies, and MOCEJ coordinates to make sure other reports and policies integrate the latest scientific information from the NPCC report.

According to the co-chairs of the NPCC4 report, “NPCC4’s findings emphasize the significant and continuing risks that New York City faces as a result of climate change. These include a future climate that will be warmer – with more extreme heat events, and wetter – with growing risks from intense rainfall and inland flooding. NPCC4 paid particular attention to how these changes may affect human health, vulnerable communities, energy security, and the city’s future. Addressing the ongoing climate risks that the city faces while also fostering a more resilient, equitable, and adaptable future will require multiple levels of cross-sectoral investment, innovation, and transformation.”

The NPCC members are:

• Deborah Balk 박사(공동의장), 뉴욕시립대학교(CUNY)의 Baruch College, Marxe 공공 및 국제 문제 대학 공공 문제 교수; 교수, 경제학 및 사회학 Ph.D. 프로그램, CUNY 대학원 센터
• Christian Braneon 박사(공동의장), 뉴욕시립대학교(CUNY) Baruch College 연구과학자; 컬럼비아 대학교 지구 연구소의 환경 정의 및 기후 정의 도시 네트워크 공동 이사; 기후 정의 책임자, Carbon Direct
• Robin Leichenko 박사(공동의장), Rutgers University 지리학과 교수 및 학과장; Rutgers 기후 연구소 공동 소장
• 조엘 타워스(공동의장), 건축 및 지속 가능한 디자인 교수, Parsons School of Design; Tishman 환경 및 디자인 센터 이사; New School University, 대학 교수
• Dr. Ana Baptista, Assistant Professor of Professional Practice, Environmental Policy and Sustainability Management Graduate Program, New School University; and Associate Director, Tishman Environment and Design Center, New School University
• 쉴라 포스터 박사, Scott K. Ginsburg 조지타운 대학교 도시법 및 정책 교수
• 래들리 호튼 박사, Columbia University Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory 연구 교수
• 김 놀튼 박사, Senior Scientist, Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC); Deputy Director, NRDC’s Science Center; and Assistant Professor of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health
• 니콜 마허 박사, 선임 해안 과학자, The Nature Conservancy
• 토마스 매트 박사, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health 환경 건강 과학부 선임 강사
• 피터 마르코툴리오 박사, Hunter College의 지리학 교수 겸 지속 가능한 도시 연구소 소장; 뉴욕시립대학교(CUNY) 고급 과학 연구 센터(ASRC) 부교수; 및 교수진, 지구 및 환경 과학 프로그램, CUNY 대학원 센터
• 캐서린 맥코마스 박사, 코넬대학교 커뮤니케이션학과 교수
• 티몬 맥피어슨 박사, New School University 도시 생태학 교수 및 Urban Systems Lab 소장
• 프랑코 몬탈토 박사, Drexel University의 지속 가능한 수자원 공학 연구실 교수 및 책임자; eDesign Dynamics LLC 설립자 겸 사장; 겸 이사, 북미 허브, 도시 기후 변화 연구 네트워크(UCCRN)
• Dr. Richard Moss, Senior Research Scientist, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory’s Joint Global Change Research Institute, University of Maryland
• 필립 오튼 박사, Stevens Institute of Technology 해양 공학 연구 부교수
• Bernice Rosenzweig 박사, Sarah Lawrence College 환경 과학 교수진
• John Kuo Wei Tchen 박사, Clement A. Price Chair of Public History and Humanities and Director, Clement Price Institute on Ethnicity, Culture and the Modern Experience, Rutgers University – Newark
• 게르노트 바그너 박사, 컬럼비아 비즈니스 스쿨 기후 경제학자

CONTACT: Kimberly Winston, [email protected], 917-853-6832